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| Hedy Lamarr original name was Hedwig Eva Marie Kiesler. She was born in Vienna in 1913. She is a daughter of a banker. Hedy dropped out of school and pursued her career in acting. Her first length movie was Sturm in Wasserglas in 1931. IN 1933 her film Ectascy made her to be a well-known actress due to the nude scene in the movie. In the same year, she married Fritz Mandl, a Nazi sympathizer. The United States Customs Department in 1935 banned Ectascy. Two years later, Hedy Lamarr divorced Fritz Mandl and she got a contract from Louis Mayer even with her scandalous performance. Mayer insisted that Hedy change her name and she could only make wholesome movies. In 1938, Hedy made her first debut in Lady on the Tropics in America. Then she married Gene Markey in 1939 but this marriage only lasted for a year. In 1942, Hedy receives U. S. Patent number 2, 292, 387 for "Secret Communication System" which known as the �frequency-hopping� or now �Spread � Spectrum�. Hedy had her third marriage in 1943 with John Loder and this marriage also lasted for a year. After that divorced, she married two more times but none of them lasted long. Hedy�s career was on the decline during her forties and she had her last role in The Female Animal in 1957. After her acting career, she had arrested for shoplifting couple times and was fined fifteen thousands dollars for filing a false rape charge. Finally, there was nothing new until 1997 when she received the EFF Pioneer award for her invention of spread spectrum radio technology and that was when she gave her first interview to the Associated Press. The idea of the original patent was really came from her first husband because he was a an armament manufacturer. After she left him, she kept her mind active on the problem of how easily radio controlling missile can be blocked the simple signal. She realized that if the frequency jumped quickly, both sender and receiver changed in the same order and that can not be block(pickup) by anyone who did not know how the frequency was changing. In 1942, Hedy Lamarr and Composer Geoge Antheil patented the "Secret Communication System", now known as the Spread Spectrum. It was used by the Navy for secure military communication for a while then it became cheap and was then used in cellular phone. By the time the Navy used the idea, the patent was expired and Lamarr and Antheil never received any royalty payments for their idea. |
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